Dyslexia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Dyslexia - Essay Example orld Federation of Neurology’: â€Å"Specific developmental dyslexia is a disorder manifested by difficulty learning to read despite conventional instruction, adequate intelligence, and adequate socio-cultural opportunity. It is dependent upon fundamental cognitive disabilities that are frequently of constitutional origin.† (Ariniello, 1999). Through this proposal it is hoped to analyze the learning disabilities of children such as reading, writing and spelling errors such as, mirror writing, back forward writing and so on. It is hoped to identify the link between these abilities (Alexander, & Slinger-Constant, 2004). That is how specific learning disabilities have an impact on other factors such as social factors, psychological factors or environmental factors and so on. Reading and learning are the two factors that decide the success of a child during his school career. Initially he learns to read. After that he reads to learn (Griffiths, & Snowling, 2002). As such reading is of paramount importance in the educational process. Unfortunately poor reading skills, and as a result poor learning skills, have become a stark reality for a disturbing number of children. The Institute for Global Education and Service Learning states that 40% of American children have difficulty reading or learning to read, and as many as three- quarters of pupils who are poor readers in third grade will remain poor readers in high school. The word "dyslexia" is frequently used to refer to the child who has an average or above average IQ and is reading 1 1/2 grades or more below grade level and whose reading problem is accompanied by the signs such as: Reversals of letters (Carrol, & Iles, 2006). That is children with dyslexia frequently confuse letters like b and d, either when reading or when writing, or they sometimes read (or write) words like "rat" for "tar," or "won" for "now." The primacy and immediacy of a priori and a posteriori implications of dyslexia among school children

RISK ASSESSMENT on the Department of the Army IT Systems Essay Example for Free

RISK ASSESSMENT on the Department of the Army IT Systems Essay 1.Introduction 1.1 Purpose This risk assessment was to identify threats and vulnerabilities related to the Department of the Army (DoA) Information Technology (IT) systems. It will be utilized to identify vulnerabilities in the Computer Network Defense (CND) Capabilities and mitigation plans related to DoA’s IT systems. It was realized that this was a potential high-risk system as noted by the Department of Defense (DoD) Chief Information Officer (CIO). (DoD, 2012) 1.2 Scope This risk assessment applies to all DoA Non-secured Internet Protocol Router Network (NIPRNET) and Secured Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) for Regular Army and Reserve Components. This is a major system that is used by millions of Soldiers, contractors and DA civilians worldwide. The DoA’s IT system is comprised of Army Global Network Operations and Security Center (A-GNOSC) which is responsible for the Army’s day-to-day Tier 2 CND Service Provider. The research methods will present both quantitative and qualitative data which will identify hazards and vulnerabilities to include International-Transnational Terrorism and Domestic Terrorism and present an assessment of the potential risks from them. Information will be collected mainly from DoD’s and DA’s websites. SYSTEM CHARACTERIZATION The DoD uses DODI 8510.01, DoD Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP), as the process for implementing Certification and Accreditation (CA) within their information system. The Information Assurance (IA) Controls, or security measures that must be implemented on a system, as stated in the DODI 8500.2, Information Assurance (IA) Implementation. The control selection relies on the Mission Assurance Categories (MAC) and Confidentiality Levels (CL). Information Systems (IS) will be allotted a MAC level which shows the importance of the information which is used to determine the IA controls for integrity and availability regarding DODI 8500.2 and will be decided by the DoD or Army by the DIACAP  team (Information Assurance, 2009) MISSION ASSURANCE CATEGORY MAC IIs a high integrity, high availability for DoD ISs handling information that is determined to be vital to the operational readiness or mission effectiveness of deployed and contingency forces in terms of both content and timeliness. The consequence of loss of integrity or availability is unacceptable and could include the immediate and sustained loss of mission effectiveness. MAC IIIs a high integrity, medium availability for DoD ISs handling information that is important to the support of deployed and contingency forces. The consequence of loss of integrity is unacceptable. Loss of availability is difficult to deal with and can only be tolerated for a short time. MAC IIIIs a basic integrity, basic availability for DoD ISs handling information that is necessary for the conduct of day-to-day business, but does not materially affect support to deployed or contingency forces in the short- term. The consequences of loss of integrity or availability can be tolerated or overcome witho ut significant impacts on mission effectiveness or operational readiness. CONFIDENTIALITY LEVELAll ISs will be assigned a confidentiality level based on the classification or sensitivity of the information processed. The confidentiality level is used to establish acceptable access factors and to determine the DODI 8500.2 IA Controls applicable to the information system. DOD has defined the following three confidentiality levels: 1.ClassifiedInformation designated top secret, secret or confidential in accordance with Executive Order 12356. 2.SensitiveInformation the loss, or unauthorized access to or modification of could adversely affect the national interest or conduct of Federal programs, or Privacy Act information. Includes, but is not limited to For Official Use Only (FOUO), Privacy data, unclassified controlled nuclear information, and unclassified technical data. 3.PublicInformation has been reviewed and approved for public release. Note. Mission Assurance Categories table is taken from Information Assurance. (2009) Applications (not an inclusive list): Anti-Spyware General –V4R1, 3 Dec 09, Application Services –V1R1, 17 Jan 06  Application Security Development V3R1, 10 May 10 CITRIX Xen App, V1R1, 23 Jul 09 ESX Server -V1R1, 22 Apr 08 Database –V8R1, 19 Sep 07 Desktop Applications General –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 Directory Services –V1R1, 24 Aug 07 ERP –V1R1, 7 Dec 06 ESM –V1R1, 5 Jun 06 HBSS STIG –V2R5, 22 Feb 10 IM –V1R2, 15 Feb 08 InTFOT-V1R1, 2 Oct 09 ISA Server 2006 OWA STIG, V1R1 5 Feb 10 McAfee Antivirus –V4R1 –3 Dec 09 Microsoft Exchange 2003 –V1R1, 6 Aug 09 MicrosoftIE6 –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 MicrosoftIE7 –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 MicrosoftIE8 –V1R1, 26 Apr 10 Microsoft Office 2003 –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 Microsoft Office 2007 –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 Mozilla Firefox –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 Symantec Antivirus –V4R1, 3 Dec 09 SunRay4 Thin Client –V1R1 –26 Mar 09 VTC STIG –V1R1 –08 Jan 08 Web Server –V6R1, 11 Dec 06. DISA STIG. (2012) THREAT IDENTIFICATION Data from the DoD shows a 20% rise in attacks against its information systems from 43,880 to 54,640 between 2007 to 2008. â€Å"Each of these penetrations involves a series of actions that do not differ substantially whether the intruder is acting on behalf of a terrorist group, a foreign government, a corporation, or is acting as individual. The severe intrusions into cyber systems involve penetrating system security, navigating and mapping the cyber system, targeting the nodes that control the system and contain the most critical data, and often, extracting the data.† (Wortzel, 2009) â€Å"In February 2011, the Deputy Secretary of Defense said that more than 100 foreign intelligence agencies have tried to breach DOD computer networks and that one was successful in breaching networks containing classified information.2 Also, the President of the United States has identified this threat as one of the most serious national security challenges facing the nation.† (Dâ€⠄¢Agostino, 2011, pp. 1) VULNERABILITY IDENTIFICATION THREAT CapabilitySecurity Test ResultsAudit CommentsSeverity SW BaselineNo SW baselineThe DA does not have a documented software inventory. A failure of this control does not lead to an immediate risk. IA Impact AssessmentConfiguration Management Plan (CMP) is not completeThe certification team through document review, that DA does not have formal procedures for IA impact assessment.Failure to assess changes for IA impact could lead to changes being made to the environment that unknowingly  introduce vulnerabilities increasing the risk of compromise. Ports, Protocols, and ServicesOpen ports protocols and services (PPS)The certification team determined through interviews and device configuration reviews, that DA does not perform regular review of their open PPS.Unnecessary open PPS increase the risk of systems being compromised. CONTROL ANALYSIS Incident Handling, IA Training and Certification, Information Assurance Vulnerability Management (IAVM), IA Program Management, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), Certification and Accreditation, Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA), Wireless Security, Army Web Risk Content Management, Personally Identifiable Information (PII), Portable Electronic Devices (PED), Minimal Information Assurance Technical Requirements, Classified Systems Management and Physical Security and Environmental Controls (Information Assurance, 2009) LIKELIHOOD DETERMINATION THREATSTerrorist (mail bomb)Denial of ServiceUnauthorized Access 1. VulnerabilityUncontrolled accessUpgrading Firmware onlineUnattended computer while logged on 2. MitigationControlled access e.g. common access card, buzzerUpgrade from trusted source onlyLog off computer before leaving area 3. Threat Probability615 Threat Probability: Highest number equals highest probability Note. Threat Matrix is taken from DA Anti-Terrorism Plan (2012). (CH 5 DOD O 2000.12H) IMPACT ANAYLYSIS Criticality Assessment Matrix AssetImportanceEffectRecoverabilityMission FunctionalityTotal Servers 1097834 Routers875626 Highest score = most critical Lowest score = least critical RISK DETERMINATION ValueNumeric Rating Major Deficiency9-10 Significant Deficiency7-8 Moderate Deficiency5-6 Minor Deficiency3-4 Negligible Deficiency1-2 CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS Move the IA Program out of Technical lanes and into Command lanes, clearly define functions for a Command IA Program, define Concept for the Command IA Team (technical and non-technical), develop a reporting methodology for the Command IA Program, develop and provide a Command IA Training Program, develop a Command IA Program Management Course (CIAPMC), develop a Risk Management Model for Information Protection (IP): IA/CND, establish an â€Å"Acceptable Risk Criteria† for the Command IA Program and transform the Army’s IA Policy Formulation Process. (DAIG IA, 2009) SUMMARY Risk Vulnerability/ThreatRisk LevelRecommended ControlsAction Priority Hardware baseline inventory is incomplete. This could lead to the introduction of unauthorized into the network and also makes it difficult to maintain an effective life cycle managementLowComplete current hardware baseline and continue to identify and document future assets.Low Configuration management is not complete and this could lead to changes being made to the environment that unknowingly introduce vulnerabilities. This should be assessed by an IA team before introduced to the network.LowFinalize the configuration management process and implement a plan to assess IA impact of change to the system.Low Open ports, protocols and services. Changes made to the open PPS will lead to exploits and/or data compromise.MediumEnsure that the change management process relating to PPS are developed and enforced.Medium REFERENCES Bendel, B. (2006). An Introduction to Department of Defense IA Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP). Retrieved from http://www.xlr8technologies.com/CMS/admin/Assets/lunarline/pdfs/lunarline_dia cap_process1.pdf D’Agostino, D. (2011). Defense Department Cyber Efforts: More Detailed Guidance needed to Ensure Military ServicesDevelop Appropriate Cyberspace Capabilities. Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d11421.pdf DoD CIO. (2012). Department of Defense Instruction, Number 8582.01. Security of Unclassified DoD Information on Non-DoD Information Systems. Retrieved from http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/858201p.pdf Hudson, J. (2009). Department of the Army Information Security Program. Retrieved from http://www.apd.army.mil/pdffiles/r380_5.pdf Stonebumer, G., Goguen, A. Feringa, A. (2002). Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems. Retrieved from http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-30/sp800-30.pdf Information Assurance. (2009). Retrieved from www.apd.army.mil/pdffiles/r25_2.pdf DIACAP (n.d.) – DoD 8500. Retrieved from http://www.securestate.com/Federal/Certification%20and%20%20Accreditation/Pages/DIACAP-D0D8500.aspx DISA STIG. (2012). Retrieved from http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/a-z.html DoD Anti-Terrorism Program. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/200012p.pdf Wilson, C. (2005). Computer Attack and Cyberterrorism: Vulnerabilities and Policy Issues for Congress. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/computerattack.htm Wortzel, L. (2009). Preventing Terrorist Attacks, Countering Cyber Intrusions, and Protecting Privacy in Cyberspace. Retrieved from

What Constitutes Good Usage :: Teaching Writing Education Essays

What Constitutes Good Usage The idea of good usage can be explored in many facets. Many writers such as Dowst, Sale, Thomas and Albutt have enlightened me to their own views on what constitutes good or bad usage. The thought never occurred to me that I too am guilty in many ways of improper use of the English language, including grammar, word use, tense, structure, the list could go on. But then again what is termed good use by me may not be good to another. To me, my own personal use of language is acceptable and could probably stand some improvement. However, without learning grammar, syntax, diction, etc., I never would have been able to get to where I am now today. According to Audre Lorde in Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches, the American norm is à ¬white, thin, male, young, heterosexual, Christian and financially secure.à ® This seems to be the epitome of one who has à ¬good usageà ® of the English language. I donà ­t see it that way. Good usage begins early in life and is a never-ending process. The population of today is becoming more diverse as ethnic groupsà ­ population figures present and project into the near future. According to Cyndee Miller in Advertising Age, the Asian American population is the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States and is expected to reach around 15 million by early next century. To a good portion of this growing segment, English is not their first language. In fact, translating the English language into other languages loses a lot of à ¬formà ® rather than substance. Many languages do not have the same grammatical or structural form which makes it extremely difficult translating either way. So how can society judge what is good or bad use? Usage of English language has its purpose, to convey meaning and understanding to a certain audience. But how does that affect one who does not speak or understand the language? People still communicate in their own Native tongues and have so for many years. With the globalization of many companies today, communication is very critical. Without effective communication, markets of today would be limited as there would be no exports or imports, etc. The audience that receives the message communicated via English language plays a key factor in determining its à ¬properà ® usage. For example, when I go back and visit my relatives, ità ­s not important to use the à ¬officialà ® style for particular word use.

One Laptop Per Child Essay

1.Why are Microsoft, Intel, and other leading for profit companies interested in low-cost computers for the developing world? In 2005, Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of MIT’s Media Labs, announced the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) program at the World Economic Forum. The concept was simple and appealing. Innovate a $100 laptop and distribute it to children in the developing world. No one can argue the power of getting kids access to computers/internet, and hence, access to a virtually limitless store of information, connectivity to the world and educational software. And for a technology optimist like Negroponte, the payoffs were obvious. But as the OLPC program has found out over the years, there is more to the success of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) in Education, than just handing out computers to kids, and expect it to works its magic on its own. To begin with, the premises and approach of OLPC program as articulated by Negroponte are fundamentally flawed. OLPC stipulates that laptops be owned by children over the age of six rather than by schools. Efforts to reform curricula and assessment are viewed by the program as too slow or expensive, and teacher training as of limited value due to teacher absenteeism and incompetence, so laptop implementation must proceed without them. The program also believes that in the end, â€Å"the students will teach themselves on how to use the laptop. They’ll teach one another, and we have confidence in the kids’ ability to learn†. The other flaw in this program is that the poorest countries targeted by OLPC cannot afford laptop computers for all their children and would be better off building schools, training teachers, developing curricula, providing books and subsidizing attendance. No one ever understood Nicholas Negroponte’s position when it comes to the $100 Laptop/OLPC/XO. While the idea behind creating a super cheap, super durable useful computer for children in developing nations is good, Negroponte has always approached the idea as one where only he should be allowed to see that vision through. When other companies decided it might be a good idea and wanted to target that market themselves, Negroponte flipped out and started attacking them for trying to undermine his project. In order to explore One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) and its mission to improve education in developing countries, it is necessary to first understand the nature of living in these countries. The UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes health, food, and education as basic human rights, but people living in developing countries are deprived of these seemingly simple and obvious necessities. Founder of OLPC and MIT professor Nicholas Negroponte firmly believes that education is the solution and that children are the world’s most precious natural resource. Combining these thoughts, he founded OLPC in 2005 as a response to the educational needs of children in developing countries. At the 2005 World Economic Forum, he presented that a $100 laptop in the hands of every child would empower them to learn from and to teach each other. As CTO of OLPC Mary Lou Jepsen said, the â€Å"laptop is a vehicle to transform education around the world.† In order to bring this idea to reality, OLPC set out to design a laptop that would fit in the context of the developing world. 2.Do you agree with Negroponte’s decision to partner with Microsoft? Yes, I think it is a good initiative because now that the XO laptop will be available in both Linux and Windows varieties and we can view it as an opportunity for OLPC to expand in a couple of ways. Moreover, now it will have a broader acceptance in the community and the other is to have more software and software developers available. The OLPC’s philosophy of openness is behind its decision to allow Microsoft software on the machines, but it would be hard for OLPC to say it was ‘open’ and then be closed to Microsoft. According to Negroponte, the XP announcement is the latest development in a long-running collaboration between the project and Microsoft. Microsoft was also interested in this project and was working to see if it could get Windows XP up and running on the OLPC devices. To make it work, Microsoft needed to get the operating system to boot from an SD card and to create drivers to work with OLPC’s unique features, such as its touchpad and e-book reader mode. Negroponte said the ability to run Windows is a must-have in some countries. For example, he said, Uruguay made it a requirement in its recent solicitation. Even in other countries where Windows is not required, Negroponte said compatibility with the Microsoft operating system still helps give the laptop credibility. Meanwhile, Negroponte stressed that he is not giving up on Linux and ultimately aims to deliver machines that can boot into either operating system. There’s no premeditated plan that one is going to dominate over the other because both is a very powerful option. Though, there is obviously cost issues, which is necessarily higher for Windows, because it requires more hardware than Linux. Language support is possible for any community in Linux, but in Windows it depends on the good will of Microsoft, or rather the bottom line market analysis results that Microsoft works from. But according to Negroponte, he was mainly concerned with putting as many laptops as possible in children’s hands. 3.Assess the thinking behind the â€Å"give one, get one† promotion. Do you think this is a good marketing tactic? Yes, it is a good marketing tactics but it also brought about some drawbacks with it which is inevitable. Since, OLPC initially stated that no consumer version of the XO laptop was planned. The project, however, later established a website to accept direct donations and ran a â€Å"Give 1 Get 1† (G1G1) offer starting on November 12, 2007. The offer was initially scheduled to run for only two weeks, but was extended until December 31, 2007 to meet demand. With a donation of $399 to the OLPC â€Å"Give 1 Get 1† program, donors received an XO-1 laptop of their own and OLPC sent another on their behalf to a child in a developing country. Shipments of â€Å"Get 1† laptops sent to donors were restricted to addresses within the United States, its territories, and Canada. Some 83,500 people participated in the program. Delivery of all of the G1G1 laptops was completed by April 19, 2008. Delays were blamed on order fulfillment and shipment issues both within OLPC and with the outside contractors hired to manage those aspects of the G1G1 program. According to Negroponte, the Give One, Get One project was both successful and not. It was a great success because there are 162,000 XO laptops gaining support for the project in the U.S. However, he still would like to see more sold. In order to make the project viable, Negroponte says they will need to sell about three million devices. The program also aims to lower the production cost of the laptop to the original target of $100. The OLPC program has the correct intentions, but a flawed philosophy and approach. Just deploying technology and expecting to work its magic is not the way to go. For the diffusion of the technology, it is crucial that we adopt to the local practices and constraints.

Hyundai Card

Definition of ‘Strategic’ Involved or being a part of consciously developed future planning by using design to achieve the organisation’s aim through visual, functional and conceptual integration of design to create its appropriate external and internal identities, products and service offerings and missions. HyundaiCard (HC), a Korean credit card company Even though HC was late for coming into credit card industries, they made a remarkable growth by design management integrating brand identity. Visual integration by design policy According to Borja de Mozota (2003), strong brand identity can be achieved by visual integration.As figure 1 below show, HC redesigned their logo and typeface based on the shape, ratio and angle of an actual credit card, perfectly reflecting HC’s identity (Total Active Media, 2004). With strong design policy supervised by ‘HC Design Lab’, the font is applied to all visual channels in the coherent manner for visual int egration (Total Active Media, 2004). This reflects philosophy and culture of HC to not only customers but also employees to make strong corporate identity. Figure 1: Typeface ‘You and I’ (Source: Total Active Media, online, 2004) 1 DM5554 Strategic Design Management Functional Integration by card designConsumers are seeking to express the image of themselves through purchasing a product or service that meets their self-expression and assertion of individuality (Cooper & Press, 1995). Similarly, they designed an integrated card hierarchy system according to user’s different needs. The credit cards are designed using alphabet, number and colour with their font (Song and Bang, 2006). Moreover, they applied different alphabets to card for different benefits (Song and Bang, 2006). For example, the ‘M’ card reflects ‘Multiple benefits’. Number system shows level of services (e. g. ‘M2’ contains more services than ‘M’, and ‘M3’ than ‘M2’).With colour, they defined premium level of cards (see figure 2). Regarding to card design, customers can understand this concept easily and feel credit cards desirable. By applying design strategy to convey consumers’ lifestyle into product and service, HC successfully fulfills consumers’ needs. Figure 2: Credit Card Hierarchy (Source: Unitas Brand, 2009) Conceptual integration by CSR Design can play important role in achieving CSR for company’s long-term strategic advantage (Koo and Cooper, 2011). As figure 3 below show, HC has been taking various activities for CSR by giving their design talent.For example, HC designed the ‘dreamlibrary' for children who have got cancer and leukemia, bus stations for public and ‘Super Concert’ for cultural & arts dispersion (Unitas Brand, 2009). These CSR activities create positive conceptual integration of brand images. 2 DM5554 Strategic Design Management Figu re 3: CSR activities (Source: Hyundaicardcapital. com, online, 2011) Conclusion Hyundai Card conducts design resources effectively, developing its external and internal identity, creating its product and service based on consumers’ need. It also enhance positive brand image by contributing to society.

No Medical Degree No Problem for These Five Healthcare Jobs

No Medical Degree No Problem for These Five Healthcare Jobs Healthcare is one of the world’s fastest growing industries, promising everything from high pay to job security to workers entering the field. According to statistics from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), total employment in occupations related to healthcare is expected to skyrocket by 11 percent - a total of 15.6 million jobs - in the decade between 2012 and 2022. Let’s countdown five of the most promising healthcare jobs that don’t require a medical degree. 5. Pharmacy TechniciansMinimal educational requirements - a high school diploma or its equivalent - and a growth rate of 20 percent over a 10-year period earn pharmacy technicians a spot on this list.Working alongside pharmacists in pharmacies, grocery stores, drug stores and hospitals, pharmacy technicians help pharmacists with the dispensation of prescription medications.Most pharmacy technicians learn through on-the-job training, although there are some secondary education programs. Some sta tes require that pharmacy techs complete a training program accredited by the American Society of Health System Pharmacists.4. Dispensing OpticiansWith a projected growth rate of 23 percent between 2012 and 2022, the number of jobs for workers in this field is predicted to rise by nearly 16,000 during that same period of time.Dispensing opticians work in stores that sell visual aids, including glasses, contact lenses and other optical goods. Based on prescriptions from optometrists and ophthalmologists, dispensing opticians are responsible for fitting eyeglasses and contact lenses, as well as assisting customers in deciding on the right products.The median annual salary for dispensing opticians is just over $22,300, although the top 10 percent may earn nearly $53,000. In addition to a high school diploma, on-the-job training is usually sufficient to obtain a position as a dispensing optician.3. Dental AssistantsA projected growth rate of 25 percent between 2012 and 2022 earns denta l assistants a spot on the list of fastest growing healthcare careers.Depending on where they work, dental assistants may be responsible for a wide range of tasks - from scheduling appointments to taking X-rays to providing patient care.While there’s no single path to becoming a dental assistant, some states do require graduation from an accredited program as well as the passing of a state exam. Additionally, many community colleges offer year-long certificate programs, as well as two-year programs which convey an associate’s degree. The typical dental assistant school curriculum include a mix of classroom, laboratory and clinical work.Dental assistants earn an average salary of $34,500, although top earners may bring home nearly $50,000.2. Diagnostic Medical Sonographers and Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians, Including Vascular TechnologistsWith a job outlook projected at 39 percent, these imaging experts are expected to be in great demand in the coming ye ars.Largely employed in hospital settings, diagnostic medical sonographers and cardiovascular technologists and technicians are trained in the use of special equipment in order to create images and conduct tests used by physicians to diagnose medical conditions as well as to aid during surgical procedures.With an average pay of $60,350 per year, these professionals do require some formal education and qualifications, such as an associate’s degree and postsecondary certificate. Some diagnostic medical sonographers and cardiovascular technologists and technicians choose to pursue bachelor’s degree programs in sonography and in cardiovascular and vascular technology.1. Home Health AidesA projected growth rate of a staggering 48 percent between 2012 and 2022 earns home health aides the top spot on this list. Requiring less than a high school diploma and a short period of on-the-job training, home health aides can expect to enjoy unprecedented job security in the years ahea d.Working in a variety of settings, home health aides help people - from seniors to the disabled or cognitively impaired - who require assistance with basic daily activities.As more and more seniors make the choice to age in place, home health aides will become an increasingly vital part of the healthcare system. And while the current median salary is just under $21,000, the increased need for these workers is expected to drive pay upward.While doctors may be the first thing that comes to mind when you think of healthcare professions, there are plenty of other career paths for aspiring members of the healthcare industry. Each of these five professions offers extraordinary job security, along with educational and training requirements far less strenuous than the ones imposed upon doctors. The result? Unprecedented opportunities for people looking to get a foot in the door of the in-demand healthcare industry.

Muddy water blues essays

Muddy water blues essays The blues, a form of music originated by black Americans in the South, has been used throughout its history to express a lifestyle that spoke for many lower class American citizens who usually suffer from unfortunate circumstances. One man that sticks out in the history of the blues and who has had an influence like no other is McKinley Morganfield or more popularly known, Muddy Waters. Waters was born on April 4, 1915 to parents who were sharecroppers on a Southern plantation. When he was three his mother passed away and he was sent off to live with his grandmother, who was also a plantation worker. Waters grew up living a life of poverty in the Mississippi Delta region. Due to the unfortunate circumstances of being poor and having to rely on only his grandmother for support, Waters was compelled to work at a young age. When Waters was 13 and working as a farmhand he began to develop an interest in the regions music and storytelling traditions. By the time he was 14 he had already taught himself how to play the harmonica, which allowed for him to begin to express himself. When he was 17 he had learned how to play the guitar, which gave him and opportunity to combine his musical talents along with his passion While still working on plantations, Muddy Waters broke off from emulating his musical influences and began to develop his own style. During this period he began to play gigs at local joints, which allowed for him to be noticed. After he recorded his first album for the United States Library of Congress archives, Waters moved to Chicago, where he turned to playing electrically instead of acoustically due to the loudness of the nightclubs. This switch gave his music a new sound, which in turn changed his style from the traditional blues he was influenced by into a style of his own known as the urban electric sound of Chicago ...

French Expressions Using Trouver

French Expressions Using Trouver The French verb trouver literally means to find and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to meet ones match, find ones way, be lost for words, and more with this list of expressions with trouver. Possible Meanings of Trouver to findto come acrossto come up withto imagine Expressions with Trouver trouver boireto find something to drinktrouver se distraireto find a way to amuse oneselftrouver faireto find something to do, to manage to do somethingtrouver mangerto find something to eattrouver soccuperto find a way to keep busytrouver qui parlerto meet ones match, get more than one bargained fortrouver redire quelque choseto find fault with, criticize, have a complaint about somethingtrouver bien faireto be bound to do somethingtrouver bon de faireto see fit to do somethingtrouver le bonheurto find happinesstrouver bonne mine quelquunto think someone looks welltrouver le cheminto find ones waytrouver une consolation dans quelque choseto find consolation in somethingtrouver le courageto find the couragetrouver des difficultà ©sto come up against difficultiestrouver là ©nergieto find the energytrouver grà ¢ce auprà ¨s de quelquunto find favor with someonetrouver grà ¢ce aux yeux de quelquunto find favor with someonetrouver une idà ©eto hit on an ideatrouver la mort to meet ones deathtrouver le moyen de faireto find some way of doing, to manage to dotrouver plaisir faire quelque choseto take pleasure in doing somethingtrouver plaisir quelque choseto take pleasure in somethingtrouver un planto hit on a plantrouver preneurto find a buyer, takertrouver queto think, believe thattrouver quelque chose son goà »tto find something to ones likingtrouver quelque chose en quelquunto find something in someonetrouver quelque chose mauvais (informal)to not like something at alltrouver quelque chose trop adjto find something too adjtrouver quelquun adjto find someone adj, to think someone looks adjtrouver sa voieto find oneself, find ones life pathtrouver le sommeilto get to sleeptrouver son bonheurto find what one is looking fortrouver son maà ®treto find ones mastertrouver le tempsto find the timetrouver le temps longto find that time passes slowlyaller trouver quelquunto go see someonene pas trouver ses motsto be at a loss for wordsvenir trouver quelquunto come and see someoney trouver son compteto get something out of itComment las-tu trouvà ©(e)  ? What do you think of him (her)?Jai trouvà ©Ã‚  !Ive got it!Oà ¹ est-il allà © trouver à §a  ?Where did he get that idea from? Whatever gave him that idea?Quest-ce que tu lui trouves  ?What do you seen in him?Tu le (la) trouves sympa  ?Do you like him (her)? Do you think (s)hes nice?Tu trouves  ?Do you think so?Tu trouves à §a normal  ?Do you think thats right?bien trouvà ©well-spoken, cleverune formule bien trouvà ©eclever phrasetout trouvà ©ready-made, obviousune excuse toute trouvà ©eready-made excuseune explication toute trouvà ©eobvious explanationune solution toute trouvà ©eready-made solutionun sujet tout trouvà ©obvious topic Possible Meanings of Se Trouver to beto be foundto be situatedto feelto find oneselfto think/consider oneself adj Expressions with Se Trouver se trouver avoirto happen to havese trouver biento feel well, comfortable, happyse trouver bien davoir fait quelque choseto be glad to have done somethingse trouver daccordto happen to agreese trouver dans limpossibilità © de faireto find oneself unable to do, to not be in a position to dose trouver dans lobligation de faireto find oneself compelled to do, to have to dose trouver dans une situation dà ©licateto find oneself in a delicate situationse trouver à ªtreto happen to bese trouver malto pass out, faintse trouver mal davoir fait quelque choseto regret having done somethingse trouver mieuxto feel betterÇa ne se trouve pas sous le pas/sabot dun cheval. Thats not easy to find, not easy to come by.Ça se trouve facilement.You can find that anywhere.Il sen est mal trouvà ©.He lived to regret it.Je me suis trouvà © fin  !I looked like an idiot!Oà ¹ se trouve ...  ?Where is ...  ?Il se trouve... (impersonal)There is/are...Il se trouve que...It happens to be..., As it happens...si à §a se trouve (informal)maybe, its possibleTrouver conjugations

Ethics in Public Administration and Policy Study on Embezzlement Research Paper

Ethics in Public Administration and Policy Study on Embezzlement Behavior among Public Administrators - Research Paper Example Ethics in Public Administration and Policy Study on Embezzlement Behavior among Public Administrators This study must adopt this technique in order to achieve the intended outcomes. Government officials pertaining to the emerging or developing economies are often found to complain of insufficient compensation schemes and financial packages. The payment schemes of the government officials of such countries are formulated in terms of market rates owing to which the officials in public concerns of emerging economies are subjected to low pay scales. In Cambodia, Public Officials depend on rampant misappropriation of funds for their own private use. Again, ethical and legislative standards in such regions being weaker in nature like absence of proper laws to combat corruption contribute to the further escalation of the problem. Public officials usually engage in embezzlement on an individual basis without third-party intervention. Embezzlement behavior of government officials bears a strong relationship to the low salary payments provided to them that, in turn, fails to support their living conditions in this cost-driven economy (Myint, 2000). Further, the embezzlement behavior of these government officials is found to create potential impacts on the economy of the emerging economies thereby increasing their internal and external debt and similarly deteriorating economic and social structure. This is one of the factors that enhanced embezzlement.... Experimental design is appropriate for this study to collect data to identify the aspect of low salary that contributes to the behavior of embezzlement of funds among public administrators. This research design provides a blueprint of the process that facilitates the investigator to maintain control over the entire factors that may influence the outcome of an experiment. Embezzlement of funds among public administrators is financial fraud and to derive intended outcomes, the study must adopt this method. Experimental Research is frequently used where there is priority in time in a causal relation or if there is reliability in a causal relation and the magnitude and extent of the correlation is significant. Indeed, ethical leadership is public administration, and policy has a mandate to uphold objectives and organizational culture for the need of improving performance. Primary research can be done either through interviews or by sending or handling out questionnaires to the intended a udience. The current research envisages a research into a topic of public interest, and its findings are expected to be used as a remedial measure to address an issue of common interest. This will assist in curbing the tendency of embezzlement in the official and restore the trust of the public in them. Questionnaire: Collecting data through questionnaires is a common method in research. It encompasses a process of framing questions, the answers which can provide relevant information to the research questions. In this particular research, this design will help in obtaining direct information from public officials as well as those who have fell victims to any misappropriation by them. Interview Method: Conducting an interview with a sample population is the process through

Compare and contrast the achievements and failures of the various (not Essay

Compare and contrast the achievements and failures of the various (not just African-American) civil rights movements since 1945 - Essay Example During that period they started a movement regarded as civil disobedience in which they resorted to protests that were nonviolent in nature. Several methods of protest were used in these movements, such as boycotts of Montgomery Bus. Another major protest conducted by the blacks for civil rights was the march recognized as the march for autonomy and jobs conducted on Washington. In this march, Martin Luther King, Jr. presented his most famous speech which was regarded as â€Å"I have a dream† (Norton, 2012, p.755). During the period of 1965 there experienced a tremendous change in the movement for Black Power. Those who were fighting in the favor of Black Power argued in the favor of autonomy of the blacks and believed that the African Americans of that time were not being provided with dignity and were being kept away from their heritage. For example: Omali Yeshitela argued that the blacks have fought hard to safeguard their homes, autonomy and culture against colonialists of Europe. Yeshitela further stated that actions that actions such as stealing another individuals wealth and freedom are denoted as treason. Some of the great outcomes of this movement were the victory achieved in Brown v. Board of education case that helped in eliminating the legal issue of separate but equal. Another major Civil Rights Movement in the US was the Chicano Movement. This movement was led by the Mexicans that were living in America. The purpose of this movement was to gain a say for the Mexicans in the political arena of US. According to those who were in favor of this movement, US had failed to comply with the promises they made during the Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty. The movement did not concentrated on the issues that were experienced by the early Mexicans who migrated to US; it did not even address the issue of political rights for Mexicans as at that time immigrants had no political significance. The activities of this movement were involved in various issues such as unequal educational and job opportunities for Mexicans and the ill treatment they faced at the hands of the police. Students who were associated with this movement conducted activities such as walkouts, one of such activities was a walkout conducted by students in the state of Denver. The African American right for equal rights were quite peaceful in nature and only conducted activities such as marches and sit-ins, on the other hand the civil rights movement conducted by American Indians was quite violent in nature. The actions ranged from huge gatherings with the purpose of protest to hijacking of governmental facilities with the aid of arms and ammunition. During the period of 1971, the movement took over an obsolete, left alone property of the Naval Air Station located in the region of Minnesota. During the period of 1972, they even took over the Headquarters of bureau of Indian Affairs located in Washington and they arrested 24 individuals. The Courthouse of Custer County was e ven abducted by the activities of this group; later police was able to handle the situation after a severe right arose. A confrontation even took place between the military and the activists of the movement and after the death of two individuals and passage of seventy one days, the violent activity came to an end. Feminist movements even took place, after the era of 1946, the feminist movements aimed at countering the issue of changing the

Motivational Issues In Modern Management Term Paper

Motivational Issues In Modern Management - Term Paper Example Having an open door policy in an organization makes all employees feel at ease. When management encourages staff to feel at ease in the office, it creates an atmosphere that is conducive to work in. Communicating in an informal basis to the juniors helps them feel that you are part of their team thus encourages them to involve the management more in their work. Building employee confidence is crucial as this finally trickles down to the kind of results they produce. Offering feedback and information on a project, or encouragement to employees instills confidence in them. Meeting employee’s needs in areas such as, good working conditions, offering reasonable salaries, and job security all help in job satisfaction. Most employees have targets which they have set for themselves, getting to know employee’s better helps the managers establish the type of targets to give to a person, as well as identify their strengths and weaknesses. Laming (2004) argues that motivation can be done by setting targets that are achievable to an individual. However, this does not mean that a more experienced staff should be given a task that they are sure to meet easily since it does not help them in personal growth. For a more experienced staff, a more challenging task they have never encountered before drives them into being more creative and innovative, hence helps boost their confidence too. Therefore, the tasks given have to be realistic, specific, and tangible. This helps them into putting more effort to the task at hand. It enhances job satisfaction and offers opportunities for job advancements and promotions (Laming, 2004). Targets equally help employees know exactly what is expected of them. Therefore, empowering employees is very important as it helps them advance and improve their quality of life. Management should concentrate on making work more interesting to their staff. Job enrichment cuts back on workers feeling dissatisfied with their jobs. This improves the atmosphere of the workplace and employees tend to be more responsible (Donald, 2004). However, this means that the company has to incur expenses in training the staff members who lack the proper skills. Nevertheless, the training is beneficial to both the employee and employer, as the staff can be given more responsibilities as they already have acquired training. Job rotation should highly be considered as it helps an employee gain more knowledge of the processes of the company. This means that at any given time, there is always someone on standby able to do the job in case a member of staff is unavailable. However, this means that some employees have to be taken away from their usual tasks so as to acquire more training on more duties and responsibilities. Appraisals are a good way of assessing and improving employee’s performance. The appraisals work in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of employees, therefore, investing more time on their strengths. Companies l ike Apple motivate their staff by giving them time to work on a creation of their choice once a week (Reeve, 2009). In return, new innovations are often created. This gives the employees ownership of the creation, and encourages them create more innovations. Praising employees during public events is a good way to boost their motivation and self esteem. This shows that management values the work one is

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Research Paper - Essay Example Subsequently, managing a global company is not an easy task. As such, in order to ensure that the Company’s performance is tracked effectively, Coca-Cola adopts an operating structure as its basis of financial reporting (Coca Cola 10K Report, 2014, p. 6). This structure incorporates six operating groups, each of whose performance is generalized and presented on a consolidated basis. Equally important, with over 500 brands of beverages manufactured, distributed to over 200 countries and consumed in an average 1.9 billion servings, the Coca-Cola Company has a clearly distinguished distribution system. Furthermore, the Company has entered into bottling partnership with other bottlers as a way to ensure that their customers get access to their desirable brands easily. Essentially, there are various risk factors associated with a business that could affects its financial performance over time. In order to ascertain the real performance of a company, the auditors have to establish the different audit risks and performance factors that are associated with a company or an industry. The Coca-Cola Company is faced by various risk factors resulting from its daily operations. Among the factors that may affect the Company’s financial performance include, reduced demand arising from obesity concerns, scarcity of water and other main raw materials, evolving consumer preferences, the ever increasing industry competition brought by new entries, safety and quality of the Company’s products, and foreign currency fluctuations among others (Coca Cola 10K Report, 2014, p. 12-20). As such, the Company should formulate plans and come up with effective procedures that could help the auditors detect the available risk factors for them to fairly state and adjust financial statements. Besides the company’s specific risks, an auditor should analyze the different industry related risks such

Investment and protofolio risk for microsoft Essay

Investment and protofolio risk for microsoft - Essay Example Another risk associated in this problem is the so called – financial risk, which is the ambiguity introduced by the manner of financing the firm. Taking for example if Microsoft has to outsource to finance the whole company, it has to repay fixed financing charges such as interest expenses and return of principal amount before paying its shareholders. This then increases the risk of shareholders’ investment due to the preference of distributing its assets. Liquidity risk is the uncertainty over the ability to sell an investment in the secondary market which is Microsoft’s ability to sell its asset or convert non cash assets to cash in order to finance the company. Another risk connected in investment decisions is the Exchange rate risk or the uncertainty over the domestic currency value of a foreign currency denominated investment, which means that the value of the money varies with the currency of another country. The risk might be the value of the investment might go down or become lesser especially when it comes to currency conversion. Country risk is also taken into consideration with regards to investment. This is the uncertainty over the political or economic environment in which the investment is located. A major factor for investment decisions is the political and economic stability of a particular country where the investment is located, this is because, the more stable the political and economic environment is, the more investors are attracted and therefore, the more profit the company may generate. Another risk to be considered is the credit risk or the uncertainty over whether the issuer of a fixed income security will deliver the contractual cash flows which means, the ability of Microsoft to attract creditors for additional financing or its ability to collect money form its deliveries and services to its customers who purchased on account. Sometimes, credit risk is also carried when creditors were

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Research Paper - Essay Example Subsequently, managing a global company is not an easy task. As such, in order to ensure that the Company’s performance is tracked effectively, Coca-Cola adopts an operating structure as its basis of financial reporting (Coca Cola 10K Report, 2014, p. 6). This structure incorporates six operating groups, each of whose performance is generalized and presented on a consolidated basis. Equally important, with over 500 brands of beverages manufactured, distributed to over 200 countries and consumed in an average 1.9 billion servings, the Coca-Cola Company has a clearly distinguished distribution system. Furthermore, the Company has entered into bottling partnership with other bottlers as a way to ensure that their customers get access to their desirable brands easily. Essentially, there are various risk factors associated with a business that could affects its financial performance over time. In order to ascertain the real performance of a company, the auditors have to establish the different audit risks and performance factors that are associated with a company or an industry. The Coca-Cola Company is faced by various risk factors resulting from its daily operations. Among the factors that may affect the Company’s financial performance include, reduced demand arising from obesity concerns, scarcity of water and other main raw materials, evolving consumer preferences, the ever increasing industry competition brought by new entries, safety and quality of the Company’s products, and foreign currency fluctuations among others (Coca Cola 10K Report, 2014, p. 12-20). As such, the Company should formulate plans and come up with effective procedures that could help the auditors detect the available risk factors for them to fairly state and adjust financial statements. Besides the company’s specific risks, an auditor should analyze the different industry related risks such

Chronic illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chronic illness - Essay Example As a continuum, palliative care addresses the physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the patient and family which cannot be handled by one single agency lest it would cause fragmentation of care. It therefore follows multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary (integrative) care is the backbone of palliative care. With the integration of inputs from various disciplines in accordance with stage of the disease progression, pain and other symptoms, psychological state of patient and family, social and practical requirements and available resources, palliative care becomes a multifaceted care with the involvement of primary care and specialist doctors, nursing staff, social worker and many others in a coordinated manner ensuring continuity of care (Mitra & Vadivelu, 2013, p. 17). Thus, palliative care has been defined as the patient and family-centered one seeking to optimize their quality of life by treating their suffering which includes anticipation and prevention of the suffe ring by addressing their â€Å"physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual needs† (NCP, 2013, p. 12) throughout the continuum of illness â€Å"ensuring patient autonomy, access to information and choice† (NCP, 2013, p. ... e, its physical aspects, psychological and psychiatric aspects, social aspects, spiritual, religious and existential aspects, cultural aspects, care at the end of life and ethical and legal aspects. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 2010 (PPACA) also has mandatory provisions for both hospice and curative care under Medicaid or Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP). It emerges therefore that philosophy and delivery of palliative care has the following characteristics. 1. Provision of care through coordination by an interdisciplinary team. 2. Care needs are determined by collaboration and communication among the patients, families, palliative and non-palliative care providers. 3. Concurrent availability of services along with curative or life-prolonging care. 4. Provision of support to patient and family throughout the period of illness, dying process, and after death (NCP, 2013) The NCP guidelines were revised in 2009 and 2013. The ten year working of the NCP has witnessed 47 % increase in the number of hospice programs and 148 % increase in non-hospice palliative care programs. It has been reported that in the United States about 1,059,000 deaths out of 2,513,000 deaths occurred under the care one of over 5,000 hospices in the year 2011. That is, 46 % of deaths have been under the care of the hospices. It is also claimed that hospices help reduce Medicare program expenditures. One study reveals that cost for the terminal year of life was reduced by an average $ 2309 per patient under the care of hospice. (NCP, 2013). Integrative care Authors interchangeably use the terms â€Å"interdisciplinary† and â€Å"multidisciplinary† but they do not mean the same though they represent contributions from variety of disciplines for individual patient care.

Effect of a Narcotic Antagonist on an Addict Essay Example for Free

Effect of a Narcotic Antagonist on an Addict Essay Addictive ailments are described by the constant exploit of a drug like cocaine, amphetamines, heroin, alcohol, and other related drugs (McDowell, 1999).  These ailments frequently caused by the following: the increase of tolerance for such drugs, requiring further increase on amounts to pull off the preferred outcome; material addiction, differentiated by a series of definite indications and physiological signs like, for example, the pulling out or self-denial condition on termination of use of the particular drug; and obsessive drug-pursuit manners, with persistent, habitual, or irregular use, notwithstanding potential impairment not only to self but also to others. Starting in the first years of 1960s, studies and researches have been mounting in the biology of addictive ailments and disorders, and importance has transferred from only psychosomatic, epidemiological, and sociological studies to examinations of the neurobiological, molecular, and metabolic sources of drug-dependence (McDowell, 1999). The four foremost addictive ailments and disorders are alcoholism, cocaine, â€Å"narcotic (or opiate) addiction†, and other nicotine addiction, and stimulant addiction (McDowell, 1999). Drug dependence may also transpire subsequent to constant exploit of other sorts of means like benzodiazepines, marijuana, and barbiturates. In 1973, opiate mediator, which functions to serve as an agent involving the opioid and the physiological reactions, overwhelmingly recognized in mammals which include human beings. From then on, it has been identified that there are no less than three diverse sorts of opioid agents such as the following: delta receptors, kappa receptors, and mu receptors. Opioids consist of materials that are created by the endocrine system such as the endorphins, dynorphins, and enkephalins, and may be manufactured artificially (Stine Kosten, 1997). Exogenous artificial opioids are employed expansively in the management of pain. Treatment using narcotic antagonist like Naltrexone for opiate dependents is typically carried out in patients who are being treated outside medical asylums though the start of the prescription regularly begins subsequent to therapeutic detoxification in an outpatient cases (OMalley, 1998). Naltrexone has extended side effects. It is an artificial opiate adversary with a small number of side effects that is employed through oral in-takes either every day or every three times in a week for a continuous period of time. Patients who undergo narcotic antagonist treatment must be medically cleansed and free from opiate substances for couple of days before naltrexone can be administered to put off the tendency of opiate asceticism syndrome. When employed this way, all the upshots of self-managed opiates, as well as euphoria, are entirely obstructed. The presumption behind such management is that the frequent and continual deficiency of the preferred opiate outcomes, with the apparent ineffectiveness of taking the opiate, will progressively and eventually bring in infringement on the obsession of opiate dependence. Naltrexone itself does not have personal upshots or probable for exploitation and is not addicting (OMalley, 1998). However, the patient’s cooperation is the foremost requirement such that refusal of such treatment is really a frequent predicament. Thus, a positive treatment result needs that there should also be a constructive medical rapport, valuable psychoanalysis or psychotherapy, and cautious monitoring of prescription observance. Patients soothed on naltrexone can perform jobs, prevent misdeeds and transgressions as well as hostility, and decrease their contact to HIV. Lots of knowledgeable and skilled medical-psychological therapists have acknowledged the effects of naltrexone as the most practical and functional for extremely aggravated, freshly detoxified drug-dependents who wish total withdrawal from drug addiction because of outside factors including damaged experts, probationers, parolees and prisoners who are granted a â€Å"work-release status† (OMalley, 1998). Patients neutralized on naltrexone can act just as how normal people do. They can perform jobs, prevent misdeeds and hostility of the street traditions, and decrease their contact to HIV by discontinuing drug exploitation and â€Å"drug-related high- risk sexual behavior (Stine Kosten, 1997). †

Miami Dade Country Disaster

Miami Dade Country Disaster The entire nation is facing an era where being technologically skilled is in high demand. However, some people are inevitably being left behind not just because of the high cost of computers or even the fact that there is lack of internet access where they live but, the fact they have no interest in the content causing a digital divide amongst each other. Natural and man-made disasters strike suddenly and leave behind lives shattered by either physical injury or psychological upset. Different variables affect everyone differently. In order for the Emergency Management System to be effective they must overcome many obstacles such as the response to emergencies by the different cultures within a community. Clarifying safety measures the public should take during a catastrophic event, ensuring the public can be part of the disaster response, or not having an effective partnership with community business are some factors that can be detrimental to the structure of the Emergency Management System. However, despite the obstacles emergency management system face they play an important role during a disaster. Catastrophic loss can be minimized with early warning systems, better preparedness among the populations at risk, and having early and effective response systems in place. Miami- Dade County experiences a wide range of natural disaster including hurricanes, tornadoes and flooding. Similar to natural disaster, the increase in terrorist activities is becoming a prominent concerns among citizens because they can strike any place, any time with any weapon. Although it remains impossible to predict when and where a disaster will occur, recognizing risk before a disaster strikes is critical for people to realize.ÂÂ   The impacts can be reduced if personal safety measures would be taken. Every community should be prepared for different disasters and have a plan of action in place. Board range of factors influence the preparedness actions during and after a disaster. Risk perception is strongly associated with disaster preparedness because individuals must perceive a risk to be motivated to initiate preparedness actions (Sattler et al. 2000, Miceli et al. 2008).ÂÂ   Disaster preparedness varies by education at the community levels, race and ethnicity , socioeconomic, and community characteristics. Cultural and religious influences can affect responses to natural disaster. Having a valid assessment of vulnerability and risk is crucial to avoid additional burdens after a disaster strikes. Broad range of factors that could influence preparedness actions within the Miami-Dade County is contingent on social factors that influence the ability to recognize the risk of a disaster no different than their everyday social conditions. For instance, minority populations live in less desirable locations with increased crime rates. Many find themselves secluded to their homes and everyday situations and tend to perceive the true risk of hazards because they may not have access to social media or even have cable television. Unfortunately, technology is sweeping the globe and causing a gap between generations and even those across poor nations (Carey, 2011). Having access to information can enhance individual cognitive and learning skills promoted better preparedness for disasters. Disaster ed ucation interventions is influential in raising awareness and knowledge of a disaster. Serious changes must be accepted within a community to increase resiliency and enhance disaster preparedness actions. As Flynn said People must be willing to make pragmatic changes, such as relocating when their homesÂÂ   are repeatedlyÂÂ   destroyedÂÂ   orÂÂ   reaching deeper into their pockets to pay for the communications and other tools communities need to improve their robustness, resourcefulness, and recovery capabilities before the next crisis. (Flynn, 2007, p. 7) Therefore, psychological and social changes in post disaster can be minimized with early psychosocial interventions.ÂÂ   Of course people make adjustments, but for some it will never be the same. Disasters can cause many people to have a hard time coping and returning to normal daily functions especially if it was witnessing some sort of terrorism event References Bourque, L. B., D. S. Mileti, M. Kano, and M. M. Wood. 2012. Who prepares for terrorism? Environment and Behavior 44:374-409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916510390318 Carey, B. (2011, April 11). Three in 10 in South Florida dont have internet access. Miami Herald, p. 2. Retrieved from http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-04-27/business/mh-digital-divide-20110427_1_internet-access-computer-access-computer-stations Flynn, S. E. (2007). America the Resilient Defying Terrorism and Mitigating Natural Disasters. (1999). The digital divide bridging the technology gap hearing before the Subcommittee on Empowerment of the Committee on Small Business. Hundred Sixth Congress, second session. Sattler, D. N., C. F. Kaiser, and J. B. Hittner. 2000. Disaster preparedness: relationships among prior experience, personal characteristics, and distress. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 30:1396-1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2000.tb02527.x Miceli, R., I. Sotgiu, and M. Settanni. 2008. Disaster preparedness and perception of flood risk: a study in an alpine valley in Italy. Journal of Environmental Psychology 28:164-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.10.006

Use of Weather in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre :: Jane Eyre Essays

Use of Weather in Jane Eyre    In the novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, good weather is Bronte’s tool to foreshadow positive events or moods and poor weather is her tool for setting the tone for negative events or moods.   This technique is exercised throughout the entire novel, alerting the readers of the upcoming atmosphere. In the novel, Jane’s mood is, to a degree, determined by the weather mentioned. For example, after Jane was publicly and falsely accused of being a liar by Mr. Brocklehurst, an upcoming positive event was predicted when Jane described her surroundings, â€Å"Some heavy clouds swept from the sky by a rising wind, had left the moon bare; and her light streaming in through a window near, shone full both on us and on the approaching figure, which we at once recognize as Miss Temple† (62).   Surely enough, Miss Temple invited the two girls to her room and treated them with cake and tea, which brought Jane comfort from the public humiliation.   â€Å"We feasted that evening as on our nectar and ambrosia; and not the least delight of the entertainment was the smile of gratification of our hostess regarded us, as we satisfied our famished appetites on the delicate fare she liberally supplied† (65).   Another example of this is Jane’s first morning at Thornfi eld.   A positive mood was foreshadowed when Jane described the weather as such: â€Å"The chamber looked such a bright little place to me as the sun shone in between the gay blue chintz window and carpeted floor, so unlike the bare planks and strained plaster of Lowood, that my spirit rose at the view† (90). This not only foreshadowed the positive mood of Jane, but also the experience she would have in the near future living in Thornfield.   She would soon discover her husband to be Mr. Rochester and appreciate her companies such as Mrs. Fairfax and Adele, who for the first time in her life treat her as an equal.   All positive weather described in the novel foreshadowed either a positive mood or event, sometimes both.   Bronte was consistent with this use of the weather. On the other hand, poor weather in the novel was used to foreshadow negative events or moods.   In the opening of the novel, when Jane was living in Gateshead, she was reading while an unpleasant visit of John Reed was foreshadowed:   â€Å"After it offered a pale blank of mist and cloud: hear, a scene of wet lawn and storm-beat shrub† (2).

An Report On Darlie Toothpaste’ S Integrated Marketing

1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 AuthorizationThe CEO of the Haolai Company requested this report on 16, May. The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of Darlie toothpaste’s current marketing situation and integrated marketing communication program (IMC). It aims to create a new promotional tool to for the target market.1. 2 LimitationsThere’re some limitations in the production of the report. To begin with, there’s not much information about the Darlie’s company can be found in the web. I just can find the Haolai Company is a chemical industry company.Besides, there is also not much information about the Darlie toothpaste in some authority business magazines and books. Sometimes, I just make a realistic assumption. 1. 3 Scope The scope of the report limited to integrated marketing communication in five areas: the current marketing situation analysis, the used IMC program analysis, the IMC plans will be developed, media plan and some recommendations for the Darlie toothpaste.2.0 BACKGROUND2.1 About the companyDarlie is a brand of the world's best oral care products manufacturer which is named Haolai chemical industry. In the 1930, the recipe of Darlie was developed.At the beginning, Darlie’s production and operation is in the Kowloon, Hong Kong. In 1997, Darlie transferred all the toothpaste products from Hong Kong to the Chinese mainland. Today, the Darlie has become one of the best-selling brands in toothpaste market in China and south Asia.2. 2 About DarlieThe main products of Darlie are toothpaste and toothbrush. The concept of Darlie is healthy white teeth and pure fresh breath makes you every day full of confident smile. Darlieh has different kinds of toothpaste according to different effects too satisfy the different needs of consumers.It has four Series: fresh breath, teeth whitening, anti-sensitivity and for children.2. 3 Competitor analysisIn the current toothpaste market, it exits many competitors such as: Crest, Col gate, China, bamboo salt, Amway and so on. Analyzing Crest, it is one brand of Procter & Gamble which was born in 1955. It's famous for excellent high-decay toothpaste. And it is the first to be recognized by the world authority on oral-organization – the American Dental Association (ADA) decay toothpaste. Compare with Darlie, Crest's market share occupy all over the world not just Asia.In June 1996, Crest came to China and after one year, it has already been known by everybody in China. The brand concept of Crest is: ‘keep your smile healthy and beautiful ‘. There are two types of Crest toothpaste: series of healthy and series of whitening. Besides, every type of Crest has different products. For toothpaste, Crest has the similar benefits with Darlie such whitening, fresh breath and so on. But the most famous benefit of Crest toothpaste is preventing tooth decay and protecting tooth effectively. About Crest' s promotion, advertisement on television and internet a re the main ways.But crest has advantages of Darlie, because crest's advertisement is high-frequency.2.4 Target marketThe toothpaste market can be segment into different parts on the basis of geographic, demographic, psychologic and behavior variables. According to Hawkins, Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p16): ‘Perhaps the most important marketing decision is a firm makes is the selection of one or more market segments on which to focus. ’ Firstly, Darlie toothpaste is in consumers’ good graces in Southeast Asia because of its advanced technology and unique recipe of product.Besides, it is popular in coastland of Guangdong province. On the side of demographic, there are not many people know the brand name and features of Darlie In addition, females will pay more attention on choosing toothpaste than males. In terms of psychological, consumers’ individuation demand is increasing with the development of economy and technology. In other words, consumers pursue ne w feelings, health, white, nature and useful in the modern society. Moreover, young consumers prefer to the multi-functional toothpaste which can provide special feelings like tea fragrance.From the perspective of behavioral, toothpastes are necessary products in people’s daily life and consumers will buy toothpastes routinely. Besides, young consumers will choose the new products and abroad brands because of their individuation demand. Furthermore, spinsterhood will buy fewer products once than married people and promotion methods affect consumers heavily. In this report, the target market focus on the consumers who like the tea fragrance and want to fresh breath.2. 5 The Darlie toothpaste's positioning strategyThere are five competitive advantages for Darlie. Firstly, it has a good management system. Darlie encourages its employees to innovate with a reasonable remuneration and reward. It can motivate the employees to work out the new technology to enrich the products. Seco ndly, Darlie is good at research and development. As the needs of consumers are changing quickly, so it often makes the change of products like in quality, style and shape, and it continue to introduce new products to meet customer needs. In addition, Darlie has a strong channel advantage.It not only has distribution channels and end-channels, but also has a geographic strategy, so that it can sale the products through different ways in different areas. Besides, quality service is another strength for Darlie. The good service will shorten the checkout process and satisfy the consumers’ needs, and then makes the customers have a good memory to the products. Last but not the least, freshen breath is Darlie’s important characteristic. Many people think that freshen breath is an important function of toothpaste (2011).The main function of Darlie toothpaste is breath fresh, so that it will have a fixed group customer.3.0 IMC PROGRAM3. 1 The promotional elements mixThere are six elements in IMC mix: advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, publicity, internet marketing and direct marketing. Darlie uses three elements of promotional mix in current market, which is advertising, sales promotion and internet/interactive marketing. Firstly, advertising is Darlie's main way of promotion. It uses mass media such as TV, radio, magazine, newspapers to attract consumers. The most important promotional tool of Darile is TV advertisements.Darile input much money in inviting stars as its spokesperson. Besides, it also spends a lot of money on broadcasting TV advertising. For Darile, advertising is a valuable tool for targeting mass consumer market. Secondly, in the promotional mix is sales promotion. Darile also has two major categories: consumer-oriented and trade-oriented activities. In supermarket, businessmen always use coupons, samples, premiums, rebates, contests to stimulate short-term sales. And in the current, Darile has many different selling ways such as wholesalers, distribution, and retailers.The third variable in the promotional mix is interactive/ internet marketing, which changes by the development of technology. For Darile, in traditional market, consumers only get information from advertising and buy toothpastes and toothbrush in supermarket and stores. But now Darile advertise their products on the websites. Consumers can purchase the products on the Internet or by the telephone. Then the products can be de lived to your home directly. Besides, if the consumers have some inquiries or questions, they can call the customer service Hartline or in online message.The interactive/internet marketing brings many advantages to Darlie's promotion.3. 2 The low-involvement hierarchyAs toothpaste is usually used in people’s daily life, so Darlie is belonging to the low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process. The sequence of low-involvement hierarchy is learn-do feel. It means that the involvement in buying Darl ie is low and the customers are viewed as passing from cognition to behavior to attitude.3. 3 IMC objectivesDarile has three promotional mix elements are being used for IMC objectives based on the response process.As Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p 8) explans:'Integrate marketing communications involves coordinating the various promotional elements and other marketing activities that communicate with a firm's customers. ‘ At first, advertising is a valuable tool for building brand equity. Darile’s advertising transfer the name, logo, symbols, design, packaging and performance to consumers. Because Darile is low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process, it needs faithful relationship to repeat purchase. Secondly, sales promotion is a shift marketplace power from manufacturers to retailers.People can buy Darlie's products in local retails such as Wal-Mart. And the retailers have more promotional tools than manufacturers to sell. Thirdly,The business of Darlie chang e from traditional market to Internet with the rapid growth of technology. Besides, traditional media advertising in TV or broadcast is replaced by internet advertising.4. 0 DEVELP THE IMC PLAN4. 1 New promotional toolPersonal selling is as a new promotional tool for Darlie toothpaste. Unlike advertising, personal selling is face-to-face communication between buyers and sellers.In this report, the target consumers of Darlie is people who like tea aroma and want to fresh breath. The Personal contact in selling focuses more on consumers’ specific need or situation than other promotional tools. Sellers can communicate with the target consumers through telephone, QQ, MSN and email to know their needs and give services. It is more flexible and convenient. Besides, Personal selling also is good to get feedback to modify the types of products according to different needs. For example, if the person has Gums bleeding, sell g the Anti-allergic Darlie toothpaste.And in this way, it can build loyal customer relationships and Brand loyalty.4. 2 Major selling ideaDarlie’s ideal market share occupy overall all the ages of the consumers. But In current intense toothpaste competitive market in China, it is impossible. Comparing with the other competitor such as Crest, Amway, China, the central theme of Darlie toothpaste is ‘fresh breath’. And the target market is the person who like tea aroma. Before selling, sellers can make a questionnaire for analyzing the toothpaste market. Darcie can develop specific taste and efficacy of toothpaste, according to the customer's dental health and taste preferences.And the seller s also needs to provide good after-sales service for audiences. They can send some new samples; tell them some knowledge to protect teeth, and how to brush teeth correctly.5. 0 GREATIVE STRATEGY5. 1 Implementation of the creative strategyThe creative strategy including: advertising appeal, execution style, creative tactics, and media veh icle can be used in development and implementation of an advertising message. Advertising appeal has two categories: information/rational appeals and emotional appeals.In order to emphasize the Darlie toothpaste’s feature of fresh breath and transfer the fragrance of tea of Darlie toothpaste to the consumers, information/rational appeal of advertisement is better. Using the advertising appeal, people will know more about Darlie toothpaste not only the brand name but also the specific feature. The creative execution style of the Darlie toothpaste is direct and concise. When people see the advertisement at first glance, they can recognize the brand of the Darlie toothpaste. And it is also beautiful, which make people feel fresh and cool. Creative tactics is used to design the actual advertisement.It has two different types: for print advertising and for television. In this report, the picture is designed for print advertising. Firstly, the background of the print is Danas. And in spring morning, fog around the Danas, which makes people feel fresh. Secondly, it uses the direct headlines, ‘Daile toothpaste, and the fragrance of tea’. It is in the top of the print, which is not very big. As Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p 311):' they are often more effective at attracting reads’ attention and interest because they provoke curiosity and lure readers into the body copy to learn an answer or get explanation. On the left of the words, it is a small teapot. And on the right, it is a new design Darile toothpaste.The Chinese ‘cha xiang’ and English words ‘the fragrance of tea’ print on the body of the toothpaste. It also has the symbol of Darlie, a head portrait. Secondly, in this print, the body copy is the main point. The picture shows that a toothbrush sends out a ray of tea aroma. And the most important is that the tea aroma uses a figure of teapot. And in the teapot, it prints One Chinese word‘cha‘which is written by Chinese style. This advertisement can be used to two media vehicles, the print media and the support media.Magazines and newspapers are two types of the print media. And there are many types of the support media, like outdoor advertising, aerial advertising, transit advertising, promotional products, and yellow pages advertising and so on. The designed picture can be enlarged or narrowed according to different sizes.5. 2 Evaluation of the creative strategyIn this report, the target consumers of Darlie is people who like tea aroma and want to fresh breath. And Darlie toothpaste is belonging to the low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process.It means that the involvement in buying Darlie is low. Besides, Haolai Company is not as well-funded as Procter & Gamble. So it does not have enough funds to input in advertisement. So this creative strategy for print advertising has its own advantages and disadvantages. First at all, the tea fragrance of Darlie toothpaste i s one of the most important advantages. It is a specific smell and taste which other toothpastes have. It has good effects on creating awareness among the target market. Besides, the advertisements on magazines can be accepted by consumers more easily.Most audiences pay much attention to the magazine when they read it. Toothpaste is a low-involvement product, while magazines can express the information about the product to the target market effectively. In addition, it saves the cost. It does not need Celebrity endorsements and TV ads, which is expensive. While there are also some disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is current market saturation. Too many companies select to use advertising medium. The Darlie toothpaste’s promotional products may be ignored by consumers. Besides, TV ads appear more frequent than print adverting.The print ads can not impress the consumers repeat by repeat in a short time. Moreover, it lacks of the effect of celebrity, which make low brand l oyalty.6.0 CONCLUSIONSAfter analyzing the current market of the Darlie toothpaste, it can be concluded that:6.1 The current marketing situation of Darlie toothpaste, the including the background about the company, market share, the introduction about the product , competitive analysis, the Darlie toothpaste’s target market and Darlie’s positioning strategy.6. 2 Three promotional elements of the IMC mix have been used in the report.Advertising, sales promotion and interactive/ internet marketing, the IMC program such as the low-involvement hierarchy and the Darlie toothpaste’s IMC objectives have been discussed in the report.6.3 Developing the Darlie toothpaste’s IMC plan. New promotional tool and major selling idea has been made.6.4 Implementation and evaluation of the creative strategy7.0 RECOMMENDATIONIt is recommended that:7. 1 As a low-involvement product, the company should pay more attention to the brand when advertising on mass media.7. 2 Personal selling is as a new promotional tool for Darlie toothpaste.The company should strength the communication between consumers and sellers.7. 3 Free samples and bundling can be used. And the company can promote the toothbrushes in the supermarkets by setting an experience place for attract more consumers. The company should develop specific taste and efficacy of toothpaste, according to the customer's dental health and taste preferences. Besides, good after-sales service for audiences is necessary.7. 4 The new creative strategy for print advertising can be used. It can build the Darlie toothpaste‘s image of fresh breath.

Market Power

Market power allows firms to increase economic profit through strategic tactics such as erecting barriers to entry, reducing rivalry, limiting substitutes, and reducing the power of buyers and suppliers (Brickley, Smith, & Zimmerman, 2009). Furthermore, market power is defined as â€Å"a company's ability to manipulate price by influencing an item's supply, demand or both. A company with market power would be able to affect price to its benefit. Firms with market power are said to be â€Å"price makers† as they are able to set the price for an item while maintaining market share† (Investopedia, 2013).Essentially, companies must control all of the aspects of market power in order to be able to raise prices without losing customers. If a market is easy to enter (lack of entry barriers), then a price increase will allow another firm to erode profits by introducing a lower-cost product. Similarly, if rivalry is not reduced, each price increase will allow for a rival to keep prices the same and gain market share. In addition, substitutes at lower prices will hinder efforts to raise prices. Finally, if a company has few buyers, the buyers have the power. Therefore, price increases will be met with a potential loss of major profit centers.In the NBC Video News Report: How to Raise Prices Without Losing Customers, Bob Prosen alludes to several practices that allow companies to raise customers without losing demand. Essentially, Prosen provides consultation on how to create inelastic demand, where a change in price does not result in a significant change of demand. For example, increasing the value proposition reduces the likelihood of substitute products (substitutes must copy increased value) and decreases rivalry (steps above rivals), resulting in the greater market power needed to raise prices.Prosen states that increasing value makes the customer appreciate the company more, resulting in the ability to raise price (Ramberg, 2012). As another example, Prosen stresses the importance of developing relationships, â€Å"people like to do business with people they like† (Ramberg, 2012). Essentially, Prosen is suggesting erecting barriers to entry by creating friendships and alliances, again resulting in increased market power needed to raise prices. As a capstone example of the need for market power, Research byMark McCabe of the Georgia Institute of Technology demonstrates the market power of academic journal vendors. Essentially, McCabe found that the consolidation of academic journal vendors (libraries) has led to an oligopoly, and therefore the price structure of academic journals is highly inelastic (McCabe, 2000). Because recent mergers had resulted in few suppliers, vendors of academic journals were able to control the market and raise prices through the use of supplier power. The demand for quality research for use in education cannot change; it is required.Therefore, a change in price will not result in a drop in deman d. References Brickley, J. A. , Smith, C. W. , & Zimmerman, J. L. (2009). Managerial Economics and Organizational Architecture. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Investopedia. (2013, March 20). Market Power. Retrieved from Investopedia: http://www. investopedia. com/terms/m/market-power. asp McCabe, M. J. (2000). Academic Journal Pricing and Market Power:. THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, 259-269. JJ Ramberg (Author). MSNBC (Publisher). (07/20/2008). How to Raise Prices Without Losing

Ellie Enterprises †Deloitte Audit Case Essay

Alternative Investments Among the five funds, three of the funds, Cloudy Retirement 500 Index, Cloudy High-Yield Hedge Strategies, and Cloudy Real Estate All starts, are alternative investments. Those three funds, as the case states, are not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or under the Securities Act of 1933. Thus, they are not offered to the investing public or are not been required to offer significant information to public. Moreover, the investment product held by Cloudy High-Yield Hedge Strategies is hedge fund. It is not traditional investment, such as stock or bonds, and is difficult to determine the current market value. Existence of the investments The confirmation did not provide sufficient competent audit evidences to support the existence of the investments; therefore, the engagement team must perform additional procedures. AU Session 332 states, â€Å"Confirmation of the holdings on a security-by-security basis typically would constitute adequate audit evidence with respect to the existence assertion.† The confirmation Union provided, which is on fund-by-fund basis, is not detail enough to typically be considered as adequate audit evidence. Moreover, the audited financial statement of the alternative investment, which could provide significant audit evidence, is not available before the issuance date of the auditors’ report on Ellie’s consolidated financial statements. This fact further proves that the engagement team needs to conduct substantive procedures. To assess the existence of the investments, following procedures can be performed. First, the engagement team can request transactions involved in each five of funds during the funds’ fiscal years. Actual transactions prove that Ellie’s investments have been held in those five different funds. Second, as the case states, the Committee periodically review plan performance and assets allocation. Therefore, the Committee must kept reports and memos regarding their plan performance or discussions with Union. The engagement team can collect documents related to Ellie’s investments in those five funds from Ellie and Union. Documents from the investor entity and trustee entity can prove the existence of investment activities. Moreover, by comparing those documents, the engagement team can test whether Union’s investment behavior has aligned with the strategies or  any adjustments made to the Ellie’s investments. An example can further illustrate. For example, the Committee decided to change the investment allocation. It is expected to see Union held documents which contain details showing the change of the strategy, specific investment that Union made, and the performance after adjustments. Such documents are sufficient evidence to prove that Ellie’s investments are in the funds and being appropriately management by Union. Lastly but no lease, obtaining related information directly from a third party may also be helpful in this case. The engagement team can directly contact five fund managers and inquire them whether Ellie’s investments were held in the funds. Value of the investments Simply confirming investments in the aggregate neither prove the existence of the investments, nor support the valuation of the investments. Furthermore, there is a time lag in reporting between the date of the financial statements of the funds and the date of the auditor’s report on Ellie’s consolidated financial statements; thus, the engagement team should perform additional procedures. Cloudy Retirement intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury To check the accuracy of the amount of share held by Ellie, the engagement team could request the fund manager to provide documents stating the amount of shares held by Ellie. This fund is registered with the SEC under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and under the Securities Act of 1933. Normally quoted market prices for such funds are available from sources such as financial publications, the exchanges, or NASDAQ. The engagement team could obtain the quoted market prices of the fund and check the prices with those on the confirmation. Cloudy High-Yield Hedge Strategies Since this fund is not registered with SEC under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or under the Securities Act of 1933, the engagement team is unable to get quoted market prices and compare with numbers on the confirmation. However, the engagement team could request a more detailed confirmation providing information of the underlying investments. Next step the engagement team can take is to evaluate the underlying investment and the reasonableness of the assumptions used in fair value calculation. Since  evaluation may involve a lot of specialized knowledge and techniques, the engagement team could employ a specialist. Under the situation that the engagement team did not receive a detailed confirmation of the underlying investments, there are several procedures can help with the assessment. First, the engagement team can collect previously audited financial statement for the funds to compare information the team obtains for this year. If Ellie didn’t make a lot of change on its investments and the performance of funds held by Ellie are stable in recent years, but investment balance of this year is very different from ones of previous years, the engagement team need to increase the risk and take a closer look at the evaluation of Ellie’s investment of this year. Other than previously audited financial statement for the funds, meeting minutes, memos, or summaries that document valuation or judgments made during managing the investment are evidence that auditor should collect and review to help assessment. Second, the engagement team can call or visit the auditors of Union to ask their opinion about the valuation of the investments that Union managed. Besides, the engagement team also could pick some sample transactions and then test the fair value measuremen t involved in those transactions to see whether the fair value measurement are reasonable or comply with industry standard. Last but not least, the auditing team can directly contact the five fund managers to check out Ellie’s balance.

Income inequality in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Income inequality in America - Essay Example Income inequality has greatly influenced the nature of government in most parts of the world. Power has always been closed linked to the amount of wealth owned by an individual. It is only those who are rich and have the means regarding wealth, remain leading the country. Elections unfortunately in most countries are done favouring those said to â€Å"own such a nation† concerning wealth. It is also evident that inequality has great impact on the health of the population. Eberstadt and Sally argue that â€Å"health is the most sensitive indicators of the social costs of inequality (5).† Further, inequality causes people to see others differently. For instance, â€Å" inequality causes people to perceive their neighbours as more alien or less trustworthy (Eberstadt and Sally 2).† The notion by many that power goes hand in hand with the financial stability of an individual is totally against the principles of democracy and free human rights and freedoms. Like Rober t Reich would state, â€Å"leaders are born and not determined by social status (Reich 30).† the discrepancy amid the rich and the poor has been a great hindrance to mature politics in any given state. The United States over the 1920's centuries ago, after industrialization, several prominent individuals have worked hard to bring about the mature politics and free democracy at present. Political games of elections conduct regarding wealth factors, is a big blow to the promotion of democracy that has been the target for most countries.

Role as a Community Leader in Homestead 1892 Essay

Role as a Community Leader in Homestead 1892 - Essay Example Our community also includes a number of such workers who have been participating in this strike to demonstrate their demands. I would like to enlighten our community workers as their leader to select an appropriate path in this critical scenario which will be beneficial for them in the long run. At the outset, I would like to point out the significant reasons which have forced to transpire the present unfavorable scenario at Homestead Steel Works. One of the prime reasons for the grievance among our community workers along with the other workers is that the unskilled workers approximately are earning fifteen or sixteen cents per hour which is unbearable to support a family decently. But still in order to get this bare minimum wage, the unskilled labors have to work for long hours and at times additional working hours as compared to skilled workers. Moreover, the living conditions are hazardous with poor house, smoky air and fouled water. The unskilled labors are treated just as hunki es. This clearly revels the catastrophic working and living situations of the unskilled immigrant workers of Europe of whom a number of are residing in the community (Country Studies US, â€Å"The Struggles of Labor†; Sage, â€Å"The Progressive Era: The Great Age of Reform†). ...Therefore, I can urge the workers to not to continue with their ongoing strike and to keep on working. As continuing with the strike will not be beneficial for both the management as well as the workers. Continuing with the strike will not be helpful for the workers as the management will probably not give in the workers demand which might lead to stagnation in the entire scenario. The situation can be resolved by undergoing a discussion with the management. The latter half of this 19th century can be considered as the stage of technological revolution or industrial revolution. This industrialization is mainly rooted in heavy industries like factories, railroads, and  coal mining with the ob jective of creating more products in a cheaper way. This includes rise of industrialization and has resulted in the rush for immigration in the  United States. This period has marked hasty economic growth and high prosperity within the US and has turned the nation into the world’s most leading economic, industrial and agricultural power. As a result, the real wages, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and capital formation has increased and this has followed the augmentation of the average annual income of the workers as well. But the wages of the immigrants, a number of such workers who are from our community has remained barely low as they are untrained as well as unskilled to correspond with the advanced technology. At the same time, the wages of the skilled workers and engineers have increased at a constant rate along with other benefits. Thus, it can be stated that inspite of the rapid progress of the economy, the standard of living of the unskilled labors have remained uncha nged.